Cbse Study Material > Class 10 Important Questions > Science > Life Processes

Cbse Class 10 Science Chapter 5 Important Questions - Life Processes

Class 10

Science

Prepare effectively for the CBSE Class 10 Board Exams with this guide on CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 5 Important Questions - Life Processes. It covers essential concepts like nutrition, respiration, circulation, and excretion in living organisms, ensuring a solid understanding for exam success.

Cbse Class 10 Science Chapter 5 Important Questions - Life Processes

Here are 50 important questions on Cbse Class 10 Science Chapter 5 Important Questions - Life Processes:

Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements in multicellular organisms?
What criteria can be used to determine if an object is alive?
What raw materials do organisms require for survival?
What are the essential biological processes for maintaining life?
Differentiate between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.
Where do plants obtain the raw materials needed for photosynthesis?
What role does acid play in the stomach during digestion?
How do digestive enzymes function in breaking down food?
How is the small intestine adapted for efficient absorption of digested food?
Why are terrestrial organisms more advantageous than aquatic organisms in obtaining oxygen?
What are the different pathways through which glucose is oxidized for energy in organisms?
How is oxygen transported in the human body?
How is carbon dioxide transported in humans?
What adaptations do alveoli have for maximizing gas exchange in the lungs?
What components make up the transport system in humans, and what are their functions?
Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds?
Describe the components of the transport system in highly organized plants.
How are water and minerals transported in plants?
Explain how food is transferred within a plant.
Describe the structure and functioning of nephrons.
What methods do plants use to eliminate excretory products?
How is urine production regulated in the human body?
What is the role of kidneys in excretion?
Explain how transpiration aids in water regulation for plants.
What is the significance of villi in the small intestine?
How does aerobic respiration differ from anaerobic respiration?
Name some organisms that perform anaerobic respiration.
Describe how alveoli facilitate gas exchange.
What are the consequences of hemoglobin deficiency in humans?
Explain double circulation in human beings and its necessity.
What processes occur during inhalation and exhalation?
How does blood pressure affect circulation in humans?
Discuss the role of plasma in blood transport.
What adaptations do fish have for breathing underwater?
How do plants adapt to conserve water during transpiration?
Describe how nutrients are absorbed by plant roots.
What factors influence the rate of photosynthesis in plants?
Explain how energy is derived from carbohydrates during cellular respiration.
Discuss the importance of chlorophyll in photosynthesis.
How does temperature affect enzyme activity during digestion?
What role does bile play in fat digestion?
Describe how nutrients are transported from leaves to other parts of a plant.
Explain how oxygen levels affect cellular respiration rates.
Discuss how exercise impacts respiration and circulation.
What mechanisms do organisms use to maintain homeostasis?
How do different types of blood cells contribute to overall health?
Explain how hormonal regulation affects metabolic processes.
Describe how environmental factors influence life processes in organisms.
What is the significance of nutrient cycling within ecosystems?
Discuss how understanding life processes can benefit health and medicine.

These questions cover various aspects of life processes, including nutrition, respiration, transport, excretion, and their significance as presented in the document provided, ensuring comprehensive coverage of key topics within this chapter on Life Processes.

‍

Class 10 Life Processes Notes

The chapter Life Processes focuses on essential activities performed by living organisms to sustain life, including nutrition, respiration, transport, and excretion. These processes are vital for the maintenance of life and the distinction between living and non-living beings. Below notes are based on Class 10 Science Syllabus

1. What Defines a Living Being?

• Living beings show characteristics such as growth, movement, reproduction, responsiveness, and metabolism.

• Life processes are the basic biological activities that keep organisms alive.

‍

2. Nutrition

Nutrition is the process of obtaining and utilizing food for energy, growth, and repair.

Types of Nutrition:

1. Autotrophic Nutrition (e.g., Plants):

• Organisms produce their food through photosynthesis using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.

• Equation:

6CO_2 + 6H_2O \xrightarrow{\text{Chlorophyll, Sunlight}} C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2

2. Heterotrophic Nutrition (e.g., Animals, Fungi):

• Organisms depend on others for food.

• Types:

• Holozoic: Ingestion of solid food (e.g., humans).

• Parasitic: Deriving nutrients from a host (e.g., Cuscuta).

• Saprophytic: Feeding on dead organic matter (e.g., fungi).

Nutrition in Humans:

• Involves the digestive system:

• Mouth: Saliva breaks down starch.

• Stomach: Proteins are digested by pepsin in acidic conditions.

• Small intestine: Absorption of nutrients via villi.

• Large intestine: Absorbs water; forms feces.

‍

3. Respiration

Respiration is the process of breaking down glucose to release energy.

Types of Respiration:

1. Aerobic Respiration:

• Occurs in the presence of oxygen.

• Equation:

C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{Energy (ATP)}

2. Anaerobic Respiration:

• Occurs in the absence of oxygen.

• In humans (during vigorous exercise):

C_6H_{12}O_6 \rightarrow 2C_3H_6O_3 (\text{Lactic Acid}) + \text{Energy}

• In yeast: Produces alcohol and CO_2.

Respiration in Plants:

• Plants exchange gases through stomata and lenticels.

• Glucose produced during photosynthesis is broken down for energy.

‍

Transportation

Transportation involves the movement of substances like nutrients, gases, and wastes.

In Animals (Human Circulatory System):

1. Heart: A muscular organ that pumps blood.

• Four chambers: Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.

2. Blood Vessels:

• Arteries: Carry oxygenated blood.

• Veins: Carry deoxygenated blood.

• Capillaries: Exchange materials with tissues.

3. Blood Components:

• RBCs: Transport oxygen using hemoglobin.

• WBCs: Fight infections.

• Platelets: Help in clotting.

• Plasma: Transports nutrients and hormones.

In Plants:

1. Xylem: Transports water and minerals from roots to other parts.

• Mechanism: Root pressure, capillary action, and transpiration pull.

2. Phloem: Transports food (glucose) from leaves to other parts through translocation.

‍

Excretion

Excretion is the removal of metabolic wastes.

In Animals (Human Excretory System):

Kidneys: Filter blood to form urine.

• Nephrons are the functional units of the kidney.

• Filtration occurs in the glomerulus.

2. Ureter: Transports urine from kidneys to the bladder.

3. Urinary Bladder: Stores urine temporarily.

4. Urethra: Removes urine from the body.

Key Waste Products:

• Urea, uric acid, and excess salts.

In Plants:

• Plants excrete through:

• Oxygen and water vapor during photosynthesis and respiration.

• Resins and gums stored in dead tissues.

‍

Conclusion

The chapter Life Processes covers essential biological functions such as nutrition, respiration, and excretion in organisms. These concepts are fundamental for understanding living systems and are vital for CBSE Class 10 Board Exams.

By focusing on CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 5 Important Questions - Life Processes, students can reinforce their knowledge and ensure a strong performance in exams.

Regular practice with sample papers and focused revision will help solidify understanding.